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Objective To explore the value of diagnostic ultrasound mediated microbubble destruction in improving the myocardial perfusion and left ventricular systolic function when cooperated with the mecsenchymal stem cells(MSCs) transplantation in rabbit myocardial ischemia. Methods One week after myocardial ischemia (MI) modeling,36 rabbits were divided into 3 groups,the control group(group Ⅰ) ,intravenous injection of MSCs group(group Ⅱ) and ultrasound + microbubble + MSCs group (group Ⅲ). Myocardial contrast enhancement (MCE) was performed and quantification analysis of anterior wall was assessed with Photoshop. Left ventrieular systolic function was assessed with M-mode echocardiography and bi-plane Simpson's method. CD34 expression in heart was detected with immunohistochemisty(IHC). Western blotting was applied to detect the level of VEGF in three groups. Results The differences of gray scale analyzed with histogram of Photoshop in anterior wall of ischemia myocardium between the group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ or group Ⅲ were significant,and P value was 0. 032 and 0. 000 , respectively. There were significant differences of FS between group Ⅲ (30. 43±4.09)% and group Ⅱ (26.29±2.93)%, P<0.01, and similar to group Ⅰ (19.28 ± 2.84)%. The difference of EF(%) between group Ⅲ and group Ⅱ was significant [(61.5±5.8 vs 53.6±4. 71), P<0. 05] ,or markedly significant between group Ⅲ and group Ⅰ [(61.5±5.8 vs 42.6± 5.0), P <0.01]. EF(%) assessed with bi-plane Simpson's method was significantly increased from (34.64 ± 4.59) in group Ⅰ to (41.78 ± 4.21) in group Ⅱ and (48.6±3.96) in group Ⅲ. The expression of CD34 assessed with immunohistochemistry was the highest in group Ⅲ. The level of VEGF with western blotting in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than other two groups. Conclusions It is an efficacious transplantation means of MSCs infusion under the ultrasound mediated microbubles destruction in improving the myocardial perfusion and cardiac systolic function.
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Objective To investigate characteristics and ultrasonic imaging of the nano-scale ultrasound-enhanced contrast in vivo. Methods Nano-scale microbubbles were prepared by machine vibration and low speed centrifugation. The surface morphology and average size distribution of microbuble were measured. The contrast-enhanced effect of the hahn-scale microbubbles in the normal rabbit liver was observed,and compared with micro-scale microbubbles. Results The nano-scale microbubbles had a good shape and uniform distribution by light microscope and transmission electron microscope, with average diameter of 623.4 nm and surface electric potential of 1.3 inV. The contrast imaging study in vivo showed the nano-scale microbubbles could significantly enhance ultrasonic imaging of rabbit livers, which had no obvious difference with micro-scale microbubbles. Conclusions The nano-scale ultrasound contrast agent is stable and effective for the enhancement of ultrasound imaging, which is based on development of miniaturizing targeting ultrasound contrast agent.
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Objective To evaluate the echocardiographic findings and clinical application in the rupture of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm(SVA).Methods Typical transthoracic echocardiographic appearance of 62 patients with SVA and accompanied abnormality were reviewed and compared with operative results.Results Fifty-eight (93.5%) cases SVA were preoperatively discovered by echocardiography, while 2 (3.2%) misdiagnosed as tetralogy of Fallot and tricuspid regurgitation and 2 (3.2%) missed diagnosis.Accompanying teratisms included frequently ventricular septal defect (VSD) (33 cases, 53.2 %) and aortic valve dysplasia(11 cases, 17.7%).The rupture site and the drainage chamber were essentially consisted with surgery,while the size of VSD measured by echocardiography was significantly smaller than that measured in operation.Conclusions Transthoracic echoeardiography is valuable in diagnosing of the site, drainage chamber and the accompanied abnormality of SVA.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the only hereditary substance besides nucleus, which is composed of a code region and a non-code D-loop region. The aim of this study is to investigate the hypervariable region II (HVRII) mutation of mtDNA in peripheral blood leucocyte, pericancerous tissues and cancer tissues of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients, and to explore its significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>White blood cells, pericancerous tissues and cancer tissues were obtained from 15 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients and mtDNA were extracted by one step method. HVRII fragments were amplified by PCR. Mutations were determined by DNA sequencing and the mutations of HVRII were analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 15 lung squamous cell carcinoma patients, 14 patients showed mutation in HVRII(93.33%), 88 mutations were found totally. Eighty-seven mutations located in H-strand origin region, especially in the conserved sequence blocks and the mtTF1, 2 binding site (TFX and TFY).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results suggest that the mutation frequency of HVRII in cancer tissues of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients is very high and it might play an important role in carcinogenesis of the lung.</p>
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<p><b>AIM</b>To find corresponding relationship between the fingerprint of Houttuynia cordata injections from different factories and their effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Houttuynia cordata injections from six different factories were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectra (GC-MS), and GC fingerprints were classified by hierarchical clustering. The anti-inflammatory activity of Houttuynia cordata injections was characterized through the rat pleurisy model induced by carrageenin and the mice ear edema model by dimethylbenzene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The anti-inflammatory effect of the injections from the first class factories on the two model was significant, while those from the second class not. GC-MS analysis result indicated that main effect compounds in Houttuynia cordata injections are methyl n-nonyl ketone, decanoylacetaldehyde, lauryl aldehyde, capryl aldehyde, beta-pinene, beta-linalool, 1-nonanol, 4-terpineol, alpha-terpineol, bornyl acetate, n-decanoic acid and acetic acid, geraniol ester etc.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is corresponding relationship between the fingerprint of Houttuynia cordata injections and effect to a certain extent.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Rats , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Chemistry , Therapeutic Uses , Carrageenan , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Therapeutic Uses , Ear Diseases , Drug Therapy , Edema , Drug Therapy , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Houttuynia , Chemistry , Injections , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Pleurisy , Drug Therapy , Quality Control , Rats, Wistar , XylenesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate changes of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and activity in rat alveolar macrophages (AMs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) within 24 h. Methods Primary cultured AMs were divided randomly into LPS treatment group and LPS+Dex treatment group. The expressions of GR mRNA and GR protein in AMs at different time points were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to measure the GR activity in AMs. Results The expression level of GR mRNA decreased after LPS treatment, but returned to the normal level at 24 h after LPS treatment. The expression level of GR also decreased and reached the lowest level at 4 h after LPS treatment. GR activity also decreased, reached the lowest level at 1 h after LPS treatment, but was still lower than that in the normal control group at 24 h after treatment. Dexamethasone treatment had no obvious effect on GR activity during the late period of treatment. Conclusion LPS treatment (100 ng/ml) down-regulates the protein expression of GR, which maybe associated with the decreased expression of mRNA and accelerate degradation of GR protein. The activity of GR is inhibited sharply, resulting in glucocorticoid resistance.
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Objective To investigate the effects of nitric oxide donor (SNP) on glucocorticoid receptor function in condition of cell inflammation. Methods After fluorescence expression plasmid pGFP-GR transfected rat alveolar macrophges (AMs), nuclear translocation of GFP-GR following to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and SNP treatment was observed through fluorescence microscope. The transcriptional activation activity of GR was evaluated by the method of relative activity of luciferase. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) were used to measure the activity of NF-?B. Results GFP-GR showed nuclear translocation in 2 h after nitric oxide donor (500 ?mol/L SNP) treatment, and the transcriptional activation activity of GR increased and the activity of NF-?B decreased remarkedly. The phenomena of depressed activity of NF-?B disappeared after the addition of GR special antagonism RU486. Conclusion Nitric oxide donor (500 ?mol/L SNP) exerts anti-inflammatory effect through GR activation in condition of cell inflammation.
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Objective To investigate the differential expression of mitochondrial genome and apoptosis-related genes in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line induced by cisplatin. Methods A549 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Hyclone) in 150-mm dishes, and the test cells were exposed to 0.5?g/ml cisplatin continuously for 20h. Same volume PBS solution was added to culture of control cells instead of cisplatin. Human mitochondrial genome oligonucletide micoarray was used to detect the differential expression of 26 target genes. The apoptosis status was analyzed by the flow cytometry technique. Results Compared with the control cells, the expression levels of tRNA-Cys, tRNA-Asn, 12S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I were remarkably elevated in test cells. The expression levels of bax, NADH dehydrogenase subunit I, NADH dehydrogenase subunit Ⅱ and tRNA-Ser, tRNA-Asp, tRNA-Arg and tRNA-Ala also were elevated to some extent. Apoptosis rate of test cells was 8.5%?0.78%(n=5), which was remarkably higher than that of control cells 1.3%?0.56%(n=5,P
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Objective To establish a multidrug-resistant cell subline NCI-H446/CDDP of human small cell lung cancer and characterize its biological properties. Methods The cell subline NCI-H446/CDDP was derived from human small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H446 by exposing it to high concentration first followed by being cultured with gradually increasing dose of cisplatin, which used to be the first-line chemotherapeutic drug for lung cancer. The cell growth curve and the doubling time were determined by cell counting. The chemosensitivities of NCI-H446/CDDP and NCI-H446 to cisplatin, hydroxycamptothecine, vincristin, 5-fluorouracil and topotecan were tested and IC 50 measured by MTT. Changes in cellular morphology and ultrastructure were observed under inverted-microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, respectively. Results Multidrug-resistant cell subline (NCI-H446/CDDP) of human small cell lung cancer was established successfully after culturing NCI-H446 in a high concentration of cisplatin first, followed by subjecting it to increasing concentrations of CDDP until they could stably grow in the culture medium containing 0.5?g/mL CDDP. The rate of cell proliferation of NCI-H446/CDDP was similar to that of NCI-H446, but the number of the former cells exhibiting S phase increased (20.24% vs 18.42% P